Background

The first VPN protocol, PPTP, was created in 1996 by a vendor consortium that included Microsoft, originally built to let remote workers dial into a company network securely.

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Most VPNs today run on WireGuard, a protocol built largely by a single developer, Jason Donenfeld, that deliberately supports just one cryptographic suite instead of the many options older standards juggle.

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WireGuard identifies devices by public and private key pairs rather than the traditional client-server model, and makes it practically impossible for outside observers to even detect that a device is running it.

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OpenVPN, another protocol still widely offered as an option, was built by a separate developer, James Yonan, and first released publicly in 2002, more than a decade before WireGuard's development began.

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A VPN (virtual private network) encrypts the connection between your device and the internet, hiding your browsing from your internet provider and from anyone else on the same network, and letting you appear to be connecting from a different country. That's useful anywhere, but it's especially relevant if you're online in Zimbabwe.

Why this matters more here than most places

In January 2019, the Zimbabwean government blocked Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, and LinkedIn for about a week during protests over a 150% fuel price hike, and searches for VPNs from Zimbabwe spiked by over 1,560% in response, as people looked for a way to stay in touch and get news out. Authorities reportedly tried to block VPN workarounds too. According to Freedom House's most recent Zimbabwe report, there was no repeat blocking of social media in the 2023-24 period, but the underlying infrastructure for it hasn't gone away, a government "cyber-team" has monitored social media since November 2021, and during the 2023 elections security forces reportedly demanded phone passwords before confiscating devices. A VPN doesn't fix any of that on its own, but it's one of the more accessible tools people have used here when access does get restricted.

Beyond censorship, the everyday case for a VPN is the same anywhere: it protects you on public Wi-Fi (airports, cafés, hotels), stops your ISP from logging every site you visit, and can get you around geo-blocked streaming content.

What to actually look for

A few things matter more than brand recognition:

  • No free VPNs. Running a secure VPN network costs real money. A "free" one is usually paying for itself by logging and selling your data, or worse.
  • Independently audited no-logs policies. Don't just take a provider's word for it, look for third-party audits of what they actually store.
  • Jurisdiction. Where a VPN company is legally based affects what it can be compelled to hand over, and to whom.
  • Speed and server spread. A VPN that tunnels your traffic through a slow or distant server defeats the point if it makes the internet unusable.

The main options in 2026

  • NordVPN is generally rated the fastest of the major providers, with the largest audited server network (over 9,000 servers in 130+ countries) and support for post-quantum encryption, a solid all-round pick if you're not on the tightest budget.
  • Surfshark is consistently the best value option, priced well below the others, and unusually allows unlimited simultaneous devices on one plan, a good fit for a household.
  • ExpressVPN is easy to use and has a strong track record in heavily censored countries, but it's worth knowing it's been owned since 2021 by Kape Technologies, a company with its own controversial history (it began as an adware business called Crossrider). A 2025 third-party audit found no issues with ExpressVPN's core privacy controls, but a separate Windows client bug that year briefly exposed users' real IP addresses, worth factoring in if ownership history concerns you.

Whichever you choose, the fundamentals matter more than any specific brand: use a paid service, check for independent audits rather than marketing claims, and put it on every device you actually use to get online.

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Rufaro